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parallax barrier
A parallax barrier is a device placed in front of an image source, such as a liquid crystal display, to allow it to show a stereoscopic image or multiscopic image without the need for the viewer to wear 3D glasses. Placed in front of the normal LCD, it consists of a layer of material with a series of precision slits, allowing each eye to see a different set of pixels, so creating a sense of depth through parallax in an effect similar to what lenticular printing produces for printed products and lenticular lenses for other displays. A disadvantage of the technology is that the viewer must be positioned in a well-defined spot to experience the 3D effect. Another disadvantage is that the effective horizontal pixel count viewable for each eye is reduced by one half; however, there is research attempting to improve these limitations.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=1 July 2011 )〕
==History==
The principle of the parallax barrier was independently invented by Auguste Berthier, who published first but produced no practical results,〔Berthier, Auguste. (May 16 and 23, 1896). "Images stéréoscopiques de grand format" (in French). ''Cosmos'' 34 (590, 591): 205–210, 227-233 (see 229-231)〕 and by Frederic E. Ives, who made and exhibited the first known functional autostereoscopic image in 1901.〔 Reprinted in Benton "Selected Papers n Three-Dimensional Displays".〕 About two years later, Ives began selling specimen images as novelties, the first known commercial use. Nearly a century later, Sharp developed the electronic flat-panel application of this old technology to commercialization, briefly selling two laptops with the world's only 3D LCD screens.〔
〕 These displays are no longer available from Sharp but still being manufactured and further developed from other companies like Tridelity and SpatialView. Similarly, Hitachi has released the first 3D mobile phone for the Japanese market under distribution by KDDI. In 2009, Fujifilm released the Fujifilm FinePix Real 3D W1 digital camera, which features a built-in autostereoscopic LCD display measuring 2.8" diagonal. Nintendo has also implemented this technology on its latest portable gaming console, the Nintendo 3DS.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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